Multicultural Cultural Capital and Inclusive Islamic Entrepreneurship: a Qualitative Case Study of a Pesantren in Rural Indonesia
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis integrasi nilai-nilai multikultural dan kewirausahaan syariah sebagai instrumen transformasi sosio-keagamaan dan kemandirian ekonomi di Pesantren Hidayatul Quran, Lampung Timur. Dengan menerapkan desain studi kasus kualitatif intrinsik selama periode enam bulan, data dikumpulkan dari 15 informan kunci yang terdiri dari pimpinan lembaga, 4 manajer unit bisnis, dan 10 santri lintas etnis yang mewakili latar belakang Jawa, Sunda, Lampung, Bugis, dan Palembang. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, analisis dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam, yang kemudian diolah menggunakan analisis tematik. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pesantren mengonversi heterogenitas budaya menjadi modal sosial yang produktif melalui penempatan tim kerja lintas etnis secara terstruktur di unit bisnis pertanian, peternakan, dan ritel. Selain itu, pengelolaan akad mudharabah dan musyarakah yang transparan menjadi mekanisme sentral untuk memupuk kepercayaan sosial lintas agama dengan masyarakat non-Muslim di sekitarnya. Secara konseptual, penelitian ini mengajukan bahwa kesadaran multikultural bertindak sebagai katalis operasional yang menanamkan model ekonomi syariah normatif ke dalam praktik sosio-budaya di tingkat akar rumput. Hasilnya, studi kasus ini menunjukkan bagaimana kewirausahaan syariah yang terinstitusionalisasi dapat mendorong kemandirian finansial sekaligus berkontribusi pada kohesi sosial di wilayah transmigran yang secara historis rentan.
Kata Kunci: Pesantren, Kewirausahaan Islam, Pendidikan Multikultural, Modal Sosial, Pendidikan Islam.
Abstract
This study analyzes the integration of multicultural values and Sharia entrepreneurship as instruments for socio-religious transformation and economic self-reliance at Pesantren Hidayatul Quran, East Lampung. Employing an intrinsic qualitative case study design over a six-month period, data were gathered from 15 key informants comprising the institutional head, 4 business unit managers, and 10 multi-ethnic students (santri) representing Javanese, Sundanese, Lampungese, Bugis, and Palembangese backgrounds. Data were collected through participatory observation, documentary analysis, and in-depth interviews, and subsequently processed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that the pesantren converts cultural heterogeneity into productive social capital through the structured deployment of cross-ethnic work teams across agricultural, livestock, and retail business units. Furthermore, the transparent management of mudharabah and musyarakah contracts serves as a central mechanism to cultivate cross-religious social trust with neighboring non-Muslim communities. Conceptually, this study proposes that multicultural awareness acts as an operational catalyst that embeds normative Sharia economic models into grassroots socio-cultural practices. Consequently, the case demonstrates how institutionalized Sharia entrepreneurship can foster financial self-reliance while contributing to social cohesion in historically vulnerable transmigrant regions.
Keywords: Pesantren, Islamic Entrepreneurship, Multicultural Education, Social Capital, Islamic Education.
References
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