International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM)

Multicultural Cultural Capital and Inclusive Islamic Entrepreneurship: a Qualitative Case Study of a Pesantren in Rural Indonesia

Norma Fitria — 2026-09-21

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menganalisis integrasi nilai-nilai multikultural dan kewirausahaan syariah sebagai instrumen transformasi sosio-keagamaan dan kemandirian ekonomi di Pesantren Hidayatul Quran, Lampung Timur. Dengan menerapkan desain studi kasus kualitatif intrinsik selama periode enam bulan, data dikumpulkan dari 15 informan kunci yang terdiri dari pimpinan lembaga, 4 manajer unit bisnis, dan 10 santri lintas etnis yang mewakili latar belakang Jawa, Sunda, Lampung, Bugis, dan Palembang. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, analisis dokumentasi, dan wawancara mendalam, yang kemudian diolah menggunakan analisis tematik. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pesantren mengonversi heterogenitas budaya menjadi modal sosial yang produktif melalui penempatan tim kerja lintas etnis secara terstruktur di unit bisnis pertanian, peternakan, dan ritel. Selain itu, pengelolaan akad mudharabah dan musyarakah yang transparan menjadi mekanisme sentral untuk memupuk kepercayaan sosial lintas agama dengan masyarakat non-Muslim di sekitarnya. Secara konseptual, penelitian ini mengajukan bahwa kesadaran multikultural bertindak sebagai katalis operasional yang menanamkan model ekonomi syariah normatif ke dalam praktik sosio-budaya di tingkat akar rumput. Hasilnya, studi kasus ini menunjukkan bagaimana kewirausahaan syariah yang terinstitusionalisasi dapat mendorong kemandirian finansial sekaligus berkontribusi pada kohesi sosial di wilayah transmigran yang secara historis rentan.

Kata Kunci: Pesantren, Kewirausahaan Islam, Pendidikan Multikultural, Modal Sosial, Pendidikan Islam.

Abstract

This study analyzes the integration of multicultural values and Sharia entrepreneurship as instruments for socio-religious transformation and economic self-reliance at Pesantren Hidayatul Quran, East Lampung. Employing an intrinsic qualitative case study design over a six-month period, data were gathered from 15 key informants comprising the institutional head, 4 business unit managers, and 10 multi-ethnic students (santri) representing Javanese, Sundanese, Lampungese, Bugis, and Palembangese backgrounds. Data were collected through participatory observation, documentary analysis, and in-depth interviews, and subsequently processed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that the pesantren converts cultural heterogeneity into productive social capital through the structured deployment of cross-ethnic work teams across agricultural, livestock, and retail business units. Furthermore, the transparent management of mudharabah and musyarakah contracts serves as a central mechanism to cultivate cross-religious social trust with neighboring non-Muslim communities. Conceptually, this study proposes that multicultural awareness acts as an operational catalyst that embeds normative Sharia economic models into grassroots socio-cultural practices. Consequently, the case demonstrates how institutionalized Sharia entrepreneurship can foster financial self-reliance while contributing to social cohesion in historically vulnerable transmigrant regions.

Keywords: Pesantren, Islamic Entrepreneurship, Multicultural Education, Social Capital, Islamic Education.

From Self to Others: Contextual Learning and Students’ Multicultural Perspective Development in Islamic Higher Education

Faisal Faisal — 2026-09-21

Abstrak

Pendidikan multikultural membutuhkan lebih dari sekadar pengenalan konsep keberagaman; diperlukan proses pembelajaran yang membantu mahasiswa menafsirkan pengalaman hidup mereka secara reflektif. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) memfasilitasi perkembangan perspektif multikultural dalam satu mata kuliah Pendidikan Multikultural di perguruan tinggi Islam Indonesia. Dengan desain studi kasus kualitatif, lima kasus kaya informasi ditelusuri melalui jawaban UTS dan UAS, angket sebagai data pendukung, serta wawancara semi-terstruktur setelah perkuliahan. Analisis tematik refleksif dilakukan melalui pembacaan dalam kasus dan perbandingan lintas kasus. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa telah mengalami keberagaman sebelum perkuliahan, tetapi tidak selalu memaknainya sebagai pengalaman multikultural. Tugas kontekstual, refleksi, dan dialog membantu mereka menafsirkan kembali pengalaman tersebut dalam empat bentuk perkembangan yang terdiferensiasi: recognition, reconstruction, reinforcement, dan perspective broadening. Dari analisis kasus ini, penelitian mengusulkan From Self to Others sebagai kerangka analitis untuk memahami alur dari pengalaman hidup menuju pemaknaan multikultural reflektif dan respons pendidikan inklusif. Kerangka ini merupakan proposisi analitis yang kontekstual, bukan model yang telah divalidasi secara luas; temuan dibatasi oleh satu mata kuliah dan lima kasus.

Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Kontekstual; Pendidikan Multikultural; Perkembangan Perspektif; Pengalaman Hidup; Pendidikan Tinggi Islam.

Abstract

Multicultural education requires more than introducing concepts of diversity; it requires learning processes that help students interpret lived experience reflectively. This study explores how Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) facilitates the development of multicultural perspectives in a Multicultural Education course at an Indonesian Islamic higher education institution. Using a qualitative case study design, five information-rich cases were traced across midterm and final examination responses, a supporting questionnaire, and semi-structured follow-up interviews. Reflexive thematic analysis combined within-case reading with cross-case comparison. The findings show that students had encountered diversity before the course but did not always interpret those encounters as multicultural experiences. Contextual tasks, reflection, and classroom dialogue helped students reinterpret prior experience through four differentiated forms of perspective development: recognition, reconstruction, reinforcement, and perspective broadening. Emerging from the qualitative case analysis, the study proposes From Self to Others as an analytical framework for understanding movement from lived diversity toward reflective multicultural meaning-making and inclusive educational responses. The framework is a context-bound analytical proposition rather than a broadly validated model, and the findings are limited to one course and five information-rich cases.

Keywords: Contextual Learning; Multicultural Education; Perspective Development; Lived Experience; Islamic Higher Education

Leadership, Group Dynamics, and Lecturers’ Job Stress in Private Islamic Higher Education Institutions: a Quantitative Structural Analysis

Zultoni Lubis — 2026-09-21

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan statistik antara kepemimpinan, dinamika kelompok, dan stres kerja dosen pada perguruan tinggi Islam swasta di bawah naungan Kopertais Wilayah IX, Sumatera Utara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain survei cross-sectional. Populasi terdiri atas 272 dosen tetap dari tujuh perguruan tinggi Islam swasta, dengan 183 responden yang dipilih melalui simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert lima poin dan dianalisis melalui statistik deskriptif, uji prasyarat, korelasi Pearson, dan analisis jalur. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan memiliki hubungan langsung yang signifikan dengan stres kerja dosen (koefisien jalur = 0,243; t = 3,390), dengan kontribusi langsung yang dilaporkan sebesar 5,9%. Dinamika kelompok juga menunjukkan hubungan langsung yang signifikan dengan stres kerja dosen (koefisien jalur = 0,304; t = 4,311), dengan kontribusi langsung sebesar 9,2%. Kontribusi dinamika kelompok secara numerik lebih besar daripada kepemimpinan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa stres kerja dosen berkaitan dengan faktor organisasi pada tingkat vertikal (kepemimpinan) dan horizontal (interaksi kelompok). Secara teoretis, temuan memperluas penerapan Job Demands–Resources Model pada konteks perguruan tinggi Islam swasta dengan menempatkan dukungan kepemimpinan dan kualitas relasi kolegial sebagai sumber daya organisasi yang potensial, sementara kepemimpinan yang tidak suportif dan interaksi kelompok yang disfungsional dapat menjadi sumber tuntutan kerja. Karena desain penelitian bersifat cross-sectional dan berbasis self-report, temuan ditafsirkan sebagai hubungan/prediksi statistik dan bukan sebagai bukti kausalitas eksperimental.

Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan organisasi; dinamika kelompok; stres kerja akademik; dosen; manajemen pendidikan tinggi; Job-Demands Resources Model

Abstract

This study examined the statistical relationships among leadership, group dynamics, and lecturers’ job stress in private Islamic higher education institutions under Kopertais Region IX, North Sumatra. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed. The population consisted of 272 permanent lecturers from seven private Islamic higher education institutions, from which 183 respondents were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using five-point Likert-scale questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, Pearson correlation, and path analysis. The results showed a significant direct statistical relationship between leadership and lecturers’ job stress (path coefficient = 0.243; t = 3.390), with a reported direct contribution of 5.9%. Group dynamics also showed a significant direct statistical relationship with lecturers’ job stress (path coefficient = 0.304; t = 4.311), with a reported direct contribution of 9.2%. The numerical contribution of group dynamics was greater than that of leadership. These findings indicate that lecturers’ job stress is associated with both vertical organizational conditions represented by leadership and horizontal collegial conditions represented by group dynamics. Theoretically, the findings extend the application of the Job Demands–Resources Model to private Islamic higher education by highlighting leadership and collegial relationships as organizational and social resources, while unsupportive leadership and dysfunctional group interaction may constitute additional job demands. Because the study used a cross-sectional, self-report design, the findings should be interpreted as statistical associations/predictions rather than definitive experimental causal effects.

Keywords: Organizational leadership; group dynamics; academic work stress; lecturers; higher education management; Job Demands–Resources Model.

Ride-Hailing Drivers in Civilian Policing: Legal Boundaries and A 3K Framework For Public Security in Indonesia

Asep Edi Suheri — 2026-09-21

Abstrak

Partisipasi pengemudi ojek online dalam civilian policing menimbulkan persoalan hukum mengenai bagaimana mobilitas dan kapasitas komunikasi berbasis jaringan dapat mendukung keamanan publik tanpa memperluas kewenangan koersif kepolisian kepada aktor sipil. Penelitian ini menganalisis batas hukum partisipasi tersebut dan mengembangkan kerangka normatif untuk mengintegrasikan informasi yang dihasilkan pengemudi ke dalam proses kepolisian yang akuntabel. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, regulasi, dan konseptual, dengan memanfaatkan bahan hukum primer yang mengatur kewenangan kepolisian, pemolisian masyarakat, pelaporan digital, dan pelindungan data pribadi, serta literatur akademik yang relevan. Hasil analisis menempatkan pengemudi ojek online sebagai mitra sipil nonkoersif yang kontribusinya berasal dari kapasitas informasi yang terdistribusi, bukan dari kompetensi kepolisian atau kewenangan hukum. Peran yang dapat dijalankan terbatas pada pengamatan, dokumentasi yang sah, komunikasi, dan pelaporan, sedangkan penilaian, verifikasi, dan penegakan hukum tetap menjadi tanggung jawab Polri. Penelitian ini mengembangkan Kerangka 3K—Komunikasi, Koordinasi, dan Konfirmasi—sebagai mekanisme konseptual untuk mengatur peralihan dari informasi sipil menuju respons kepolisian yang berwenang. Komunikasi menstrukturkan penyampaian observasi awal, Koordinasi mengatur pembagian peran institusional antara pengemudi, perusahaan platform, dan Polri, sedangkan Konfirmasi berfungsi sebagai gerbang kewenangan melalui penilaian oleh personel kepolisian yang berwenang sebelum dilakukan respons koersif. Kerangka ini memberikan kontribusi pada kajian civilian policing dan community policing dengan memperjelas bagaimana partisipasi berbasis platform dapat mendukung fungsi kepolisian tanpa mengubah kapasitas informasi sipil menjadi kewenangan kepolisian yang didelegasikan. Implementasinya memerlukan pembagian tanggung jawab institusional yang jelas, pelindungan data pribadi, dan pengaturan pertukaran informasi antara platform dan kepolisian.

Kata Kunci: Kerangka 3K; Pelaporan Digital; Pemolisian Masyarakat; Pemolisian Sipil; Pengemudi Ojek Online.

Abstract

The participation of ride-hailing drivers in civilian policing raises a legal problem concerning how their mobility and networked communication capacity can support public security without extending coercive police authority to civilian actors. This study examines the legal boundaries of such participation and develops a normative framework for integrating driver-generated information into accountable police processes. It employs normative legal research through statutory, regulatory, and conceptual approaches, drawing on primary legal materials governing police authority, community policing, digital reporting, and personal-data protection, together with relevant scholarly literature. The analysis identifies ride-hailing drivers as non-coercive civilian partners whose contribution derives from distributed informational capacity rather than policing competence or legal authority. Their permissible role is limited to observing, lawfully documenting, communicating, and reporting incidents, while assessment, verification, and enforcement remain the responsibility of Polri. The study develops the 3K Framework—Communication, Coordination, and Confirmation—as a conceptual mechanism for governing the transition from civilian information to authoritative police response. Communication structures the transmission of initial observations, Coordination allocates institutional roles among drivers, platform operators, and Polri, while Confirmation operates as an authority gate through which information is assessed by authorized police personnel before any coercive response. The framework contributes to civilian- and community-policing scholarship by clarifying how platform-mediated participation can support policing without converting civilian informational capacity into delegated police authority. Its implementation requires clear institutional accountability, data-protection safeguards, and regulated police–platform information sharing.

Keywords: 3K Framework; Civilian Policing; Community Policing; Digital Reporting; Ride-Hailing Drivers

Adaptive Geopolitical Policing amid Global Security Dynamics: The Polda Metro Jaya Case

Dekananto Eko Purwono — 2026-09-21

Abstrak

Perubahan geopolitik global tidak serta-merta menjadi persoalan pemolisian, tetapi dapat memperoleh relevansi keamanan ketika tekanan eksternal ditransmisikan melalui jalur ekonomi, politik, sosial, teknologi, dan informasi serta berinteraksi dengan kerentanan domestik. Penelitian ini menganalisis proses transmisi tersebut dalam keamanan metropolitan Jakarta dan mengembangkan kerangka konseptual Adaptive Geopolitical Policing bagi Polda Metro Jaya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis analisis dokumen dengan Polda Metro Jaya sebagai konteks institusional, bukan sebagai objek evaluasi empiris. Bahan penelitian mencakup publikasi akademik, peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen kebijakan dan institusional, serta sumber resmi yang dianalisis melalui identifikasi ancaman, penilaian transmisi, analisis kerentanan metropolitan, penilaian kapasitas institusional, dan sintesis konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa relevansi geopolitik terhadap pemolisian bergantung pada adanya transmisi domestik yang dapat diamati, interaksi dengan kerentanan metropolitan, potensi eskalasi yang kredibel, dan keterkaitannya dengan tanggung jawab keamanan publik. Kerangka yang dikembangkan menghubungkan strategic intelligence, transmission assessment, early warning, metropolitan risk assessment, collaborative prevention, proportionate operational response, serta evaluation and feedback dalam satu siklus adaptif. Legalitas, kebutuhan, proporsionalitas, transparansi, akuntabilitas, profesionalisme, dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia ditempatkan sebagai prinsip pengendali pada seluruh tahapan. Kerangka ini masih bersifat konseptual dan memerlukan validasi empiris sebelum dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai model operasional pemolisian.

Kata Kunci: Adaptive Geopolitical Policing; Geopolitical Risk; Metropolitan Policing; Early Warning; Risk Assessment

Abstract

Global geopolitical change does not automatically constitute a policing concern, but it may acquire public-security relevance when external pressures are transmitted through economic, political, social, technological, and informational channels and interact with domestic vulnerabilities. This study examines that transmission process in metropolitan Jakarta and develops Adaptive Geopolitical Policing as a conceptual framework for Polda Metro Jaya. The research employs a qualitative document-based design, with Polda Metro Jaya treated as an institutional context rather than an object of empirical performance evaluation. The materials comprise scholarly publications, legal and policy documents, institutional reports, police-related materials, and official sources, analysed through threat identification, transmission assessment, metropolitan vulnerability analysis, institutional assessment, and conceptual synthesis. The findings indicate that geopolitical developments become relevant to metropolitan policing only when their domestic transmission is observable, interacts with existing metropolitan vulnerabilities, demonstrates credible escalation potential, and bears a sufficiently direct relationship to public-security responsibilities. The proposed framework links strategic intelligence, transmission assessment, early warning, metropolitan risk assessment, collaborative prevention, proportionate operational response, and evaluation and feedback within an adaptive analytical cycle. Legality, necessity, proportionality, transparency, accountability, professionalism, and human-rights protection operate as cross-cutting safeguards throughout the process. The framework remains conceptual and requires empirical validation before it can be regarded as an operational policing model.

Keywords: Adaptive Geopolitical Policing; Geopolitical Risk; Metropolitan Policing; Early Warning; Risk Assessment