Pesantren-Based Formation of Santri as Ṭālib Al-‘Ilmi: A Case Study of Ta‘Abbud Mutawahhidiyyah Orientation at Sabilul Mukminin Deli Serdang
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji pola pembentukan santri berbasis pesantren dalam membentuk santri sebagai ṭālib al-‘ilmi dengan orientasi ta‘abbud mutawahhidiyyah di Pesantren Sabilul Mukminin Deli Serdang, Indonesia. Meskipun berbagai studi telah membahas pendidikan karakter pesantren, pembiasaan religius, dan internalisasi tauhid, perhatian terhadap integrasi identitas pencari ilmu, kesadaran ibadah, dan orientasi tauhid dalam kehidupan harian pesantren masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kasus kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen yang melibatkan ustaz, pengelola pesantren, dan santri. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pola pembentukan santri terdiri atas lima strategi yang saling berkaitan, yaitu pembelajaran aqidah dan ibadah, pembiasaan ibadah terstruktur, keteladanan ustaz, bimbingan mau‘izhah, dan supervisi berkelanjutan. Strategi tersebut membentuk pemahaman kognitif santri tentang tauhid, kesadaran afektif dalam beribadah kepada Allah, serta kedisiplinan perilaku dalam ibadah dan kehidupan sosial. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan model pembentukan santri berbasis pesantren yang mengintegrasikan ilmu, ibadah, dan karakter berorientasi tauhid. Model ini menawarkan implikasi praktis bagi penguatan pendidikan karakter religius di lembaga pendidikan Islam tradisional.
Kata Kunci: Pembentukan Santri; Ṭālib Al-‘Ilmi; Ta‘Abbud; Mutawahhidiyyah; Pendidikan Tauhid; Pendidikan Karakter Islam
Abstract
This study examines the pesantren-based formation pattern used to shape santri as ṭālib al-‘ilmi with a ta‘abbud mutawahhidiyyah orientation at Pesantren Sabilul Mukminin Deli Serdang, Indonesia. Although previous studies have discussed pesantren character education, religious habituation, and tawhid internalization, limited attention has been given to the integrated formation of knowledge-seeking identity, devotional awareness, and monotheistic orientation in daily pesantren life. This study employed a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis involving ustaz, pesantren administrators, and santri. The findings show that the formation pattern consists of five interrelated strategies: aqidah and worship instruction, structured worship habituation, exemplary conduct of ustaz, advisory guidance, and continuous supervision. These strategies shape santri’s cognitive understanding of tawhid, affective devotion to Allah, and behavioral discipline in worship and social life. The study contributes to Islamic education by proposing a pesantren-based formation model that integrates knowledge, devotion, and tawhid-oriented character formation. This model offers practical implications for strengthening religious character education in traditional Islamic educational institutions.
Keywords: Pesantren Formation; Ṭālib Al-‘Ilmi; Ta‘Abbud; Mutawahhidiyyah; Tawhid Education; Islamic Character Education
References
Biblliography
Aisalmiyah, D. T., Maula, H., & Wisudaningsih, E. T. (2025). Pendampingan santri dalam mengembangkan sosial, kepribadian, moral, dan keagamaan. Eastasouth Journal, 4(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.58812/ejimcs.v4i01.467
Arif, M., Kartiko, A., Rusydi, I., Zamroni, M. A., & Hasan, M. S. (2024). The existence of madrasah ibtidaiyah based on pesantren: Challenges and opportunities in the digital era. Munaddhomah: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 5(4), 367–382. https://doi.org/10.31538/munaddhomah.v5i4.140
Azhari, H., & Ilmi, D. (2022). Model pengembangan pembelajaran berbasis internalisasi nilai. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i3.4467
Azhari, M., & Astutik, S. (2024). Teachers as catalysts for shaping religious character in youth. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Studies, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.21070/ijis.v12i4.1736
Bahri, S., Rahman, A., & Putra, D. (2023). Determination of Islamic education methods: Uswah hasanah. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Indonesia, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.35316/jpii.v7i1.453
Bujuri, D. A., Muqowim, M., Baiti, M., Handayani, T., Saputra, A. D., Shawmi, A. N., & Abron, F. (2023). Environmental-based character education: Implementation of Lampung society life philosophy values (Pill Pesenggiri) in elementary school. International Journal of Elementary Education, 7(2), 243–254. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v7i2.59250
Chasanah, M. (2022). Urgensi pendidikan Islam dalam pembentukan kesalehan ekologis di pondok pesantren. Musala, 1(2), 198–216. https://doi.org/10.37252/jpkin.v1i2.316
Dhofier, Z. (2011). Tradisi pesantren: Studi tentang pandangan hidup kiai. LP3ES.
Hasbullah, H., Al Hakim, M., & Albantani, M. S. (2023). Penguatan moderasi beragama di pesantren Quran di Kota Cilegon. Ulumuddin: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 13(2), 249–260. https://doi.org/10.47200/ulumuddin.v13i2.1880
Hidayat, S. (2024). Konsep pendidikan tauhid di pesantren Persatuan Islam. Jurnal Syntax Imperatif, 5(3), 479–490. https://doi.org/10.36418/syntaximperatif.v5i3.433
Huda, M., Maseleno, A., Shahrill, M., Jasmi, K. A., Mustari, M. I., & Basiron, B. (2023). Empowering Islamic boarding schools for character education in the digital era. Education Sciences, 13(6), 567. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13060567
Kamal, M., & Kibtiyah, N. (2026). Pesantren-based character education: An analysis of Tebuireng’s five foundational principles in contemporary Islamic education. Journal of Islamic Education and Pesantren Studies, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.33752/jiep.v4i2.11409
Kartiko, A., Rofiq, M. H., Fahmi, Q., & Samson, N. A. T. (2026). Character education from the perspective of Islamic boarding school (pesantren): An implementative study. Fikroh: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, 19(1), 70–84. https://doi.org/10.37812/fikroh.v19i1.1790
Lovat, T., & Toomey, R. (2023). Values education and quality teaching: The double helix effect. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2770-2
Maisyaroh, M., Suryadi, B., & Nugroho, A. (2023). Strengthening character education planning based on values. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(1), 149–156. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i1.24161
Mansyuri, A. H., Fauzi, M., & Rahman, L. (2023). Optimalisasi peran pesantren dalam lembaga pendidikan Islam di era modern. MA’ALIM: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.21154/maalim.v4i1.6376
Mujahid, I. (2021). Character education in Islamic boarding schools: A value internalization approach. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 11(1), 123–145. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v11i1.123-145
Mursyidi, W. (2024). Systematic literature review implementasi kurikulum pesantren dalam peningkatan mutu santri. QUALITY: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(1), 131–150. https://doi.org/10.21043/quality.v12i1.23188
Nucci, L., Narvaez, D., & Krettenauer, T. (2024). Handbook of moral and character education (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003055678
Nuha, M. U. (2024). Peran keluarga dalam penerapan nilai-nilai tauhid terhadap anak perspektif Al-Qur’an. Jurnal An-Nur, 13(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.24014/an-nur.v13i1.35122
Nurbani, N., Putra, P., & Sunantri, S. (2023). Pembinaan akhlak santri di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Sengkubang tahun 2023. Cross-Border Journal of Islamic Studies, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.37567/cbjis.v6i1.2867
Nuryanti, N., Sari, D., & Hadi, M. (2024). Pendidikan karakter religius berbasis internalisasi pendidikan tauhid. Journal of Education Research, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i4.1596
Panjaitan, H., & Hafizzah, F. (2025). Peran guru sebagai fasilitator dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran. Edu Society, 5(1), 328–343. https://doi.org/10.56832/edu.v5i1.790
Prayogo, T. I., Rahman, M., & Siregar, A. (2023). Internalisasi nilai-nilai tauhid dalam pengembangan sains dan teknologi. Madinah: Jurnal Studi Islam, 10(2), 239–254. https://doi.org/10.58518/madinah.v10i2.1882
Priatmoko, S., Abdullah, M., & Hashim, R. (2025). Exploration of religious character education in pesantren-based Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. MUDARRISA: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Islam, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.18326/mudarrisa.v17i1.3329
Rosidah, I. (2025). The role of character education in strengthening tolerance attitudes among students at pondok pesantren. Al-Hikmah: International Journal of Islamic Studies. https://doi.org/10.64540/alhikmah80
Sanusi, A., Rahman, B., & Hidayat, D. (2024). Konsep uswah hasanah dalam pendidikan Islam. Masagi. https://doi.org/10.29313/masagi.v1i1.3523
Sari, D. K., Putri, R., & Hidayat, M. (2025). Peran pondok pesantren dalam pembentukan karakter sosial santri. JERKIN, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v3i4.1144
Siswati, V., Abidin, Z., & Zaldi, A. (2023). Supporting pesantren-based higher education to internalize value education. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Education Studies, 6(2), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.33367/ijies.v6i2.4433
Syahputra, R., & Sarwandi. (2024). Penguatan lingkungan hidup bersih dan pembinaan santri di pesantren. Orahua Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.70404/orahua.v2i01.99
Zakaria, M. (2024). Strategi membentuk karakter santri di pondok pesantren Hidayatut Tauhid Dusun Esot Desa Labuan Haji. Jurnal Penelitian Tarbawi, 9(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.37216/tarbawi.v9i2.1701
