Parenting Styles and Islamic Boarding School Culture: Shaping Students' Comfort at Mawaridussalam Islamic Boarding School Deli Serdang
Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji keterkaitan antara pola asuh orang tua dan budaya pesantren dalam membentuk kenyamanan santri di Pesantren Mawaridussalam, Batang Kuis, Indonesia. Dengan mengadopsi desain studi kasus kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi, yang melibatkan santri, orang tua, dan pengasuh asrama yang dipilih secara purposif hingga mencapai kejenuhan data. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman, dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik untuk menjamin kredibilitas. Temuan penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga tipologi pola asuh: Otoritatif-Disipliner, Demokratis-Partisipatif, dan Permisif-Terkontrol. Terdapat kesesuaian yang konsisten antara pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua dan yang dipersepsikan santri pada ketiga kelompok tersebut. Budaya pesantren yang berlandaskan Panca Jiwa—keikhlasan, kesederhanaan, kemandirian, ukhuwah Islamiyah, dan kebebasan terarah—berfungsi sebagai ruang internalisasi dan aktualisasi nilai. Kenyamanan santri terbentuk ketika pola asuh orang tua selaras dengan budaya pesantren, menghasilkan sinergi yang memperkuat motivasi belajar, komitmen keagamaan, dan kesejahteraan psikologis; sebaliknya, ketidakselarasan berpotensi menimbulkan ketegangan batin. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan program parenting dan bimbingan konseling dalam konteks pesantren.
Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh Orang Tua; Budaya Pesantren; Kenyamanan Santri; Panca Jiwa; Pondok Pesantren.
This study investigates the interplay between parental parenting styles and pesantren culture in shaping students' comfort at Pesantren Mawaridussalam, Batang Kuis, Indonesia. Adopting a qualitative case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, involving students, parents, and dormitory caregivers selected purposively until data saturation was achieved. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model, with source and technique triangulation applied to ensure credibility. The findings identify three parenting typologies: Authoritative-Disciplinary, Democratic-Participative, and Permissive-Controlled. A consistent correspondence was observed between parenting styles enacted by parents and those perceived by students across all three groups. Pesantren culture, grounded in the Panca Jiwa—sincerity, simplicity, self-reliance, Islamic brotherhood, and directed freedom—functions as a space for value internalization and actualization. Students' comfort is constructed when parental parenting styles align with pesantren culture, producing synergy that reinforces learning motivation, religious commitment, and psychological well-being; conversely, misalignment risks inner tension. This study contributes to the development of parenting programs and counseling guidance within pesantren contexts.
Keywords: Parenting Styles, Pesantren Culture, Student Comfort, Panca Jiwa, Islamic Boarding School
References
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